NASA forecasts solar regions 12 hours early

NASA’s COFFIES team built a sliding-window transformer that can predict emerging solar active regions up to 12 hours before they appear on the Sun’s surface. The agency’s report says the model reads subtle acoustic-wave and magnetic-field changes from Solar Dynamics Observatory data, though it is not yet ready for real-time operations and needs validation across more events. Space-weather operators should file this as an early-warning research signal—not a deployed forecast—and it joins the archive’s case for AI capacity in scientific workflows.